Table of Contents

• Diagnosis and Treatment of Adrenal Metastasis in Modern Era

  Sarah E. Matusofsky, Paris M. Fang ... Mark R. Wakefield

  The adrenal glands are a common site of metastases in many advanced stages of cancers such as lung cancer and breast cancer. Given the frequent asymptomatic nature of these adrenal metastatic tumors, patients seldom get screened for adrenal metastases unless otherwise medically indicated for. Therefore, it is essential that screening methods should be as accurate and precise as possible. In this r...

  REVIEW | Published: 11 Nov 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 4

  Pages: 127-131   PDF(690KB)   Views：955Downloads：8

• Research Progress on the Mechanism of Androgen Receptor Signaling Pathway in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

  Na Cui, Mingjie Li

  Prostate cancer (Pca) remains the most common malignancy worldwide in men, and the second leading cause of mortality only to lung cancer. Besides surgery, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a major treatment for Pca. However, ADT leads to the inevitable progression of castration-resistant Pca (CRPC). The transition from hormone-dependent Pca (ADPC) to CRPC has been shown to involve reactivatio...

  REVIEW | Published: 11 Nov 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 4

  Pages: 132-138   PDF(581KB)   Views：649Downloads：13

• Lipid Metabolism Pathway and Renal Tumor Therapy

  Wenjun Wang, Chunyan Xin

  Renal tumor remains as one of the common malignancy of the urinary system whose incidence and mortality is increasing over the years. Although the emergence of targeted drugs has greatly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced kidney cancer, the occurrence of drug resistance still brings huge treatment pressure to patients. Renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC), the most common pathological ty...

  REVIEW | Published: 31 Dec 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 4

  Pages: 139-144   PDF(480KB)   Views：658Downloads：19

• Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking in Patients Living with Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

  Elizabeth Y. Wang, Manuel Armas-Phan ... Stacey A. Kenfield

  Modifiable lifestyle factors have been implicated in bladder cancer outcomes. Further study is warranted to inform future strategies in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We aim to describe modifiable behaviors (smoking, diet, and physical activity) in a cohort of patients with NMIBC....

  RESEARCH | Published: 02 Nov 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 4

  Pages: 145-153   PDF(812KB)   Views：661Downloads：10

• Prediction of Metastatic Site Based On Somatic Gene Mutations in Primary Tumors in Prostate Cancer

  Paul Gomez

  Objective The goal of this research is to predict the most likely metastatic site(s) of a primary prostate cancer tumor that has been resected via radical prostatectomy; its genome has been sequenced to obtain a list of gene mutations; and after initial inspection of pelvic lymph nodes, there is no clinical evidence of metastasis. However, micrometastases might already be growing in distant organs...

  RESEARCH | Published: 24 Dec 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 4

  Pages: 154-160   PDF(1300KB)   Views：662Downloads：12

• Measurement of Microvessel Density Using CD105 (Endoglin) as a Marker in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

  Sheenam Azad, Garima Sharma ... Sadaf Khan

  Introduction Angiogenesis has been proposed as a promising prognostic marker in a variety of tumours. Microvessel density (MVD) measurement is the most reliable method for the semiquantitative evaluation of angiogenesis. Endoglin (CD105) is a recognised marker of proliferating endothelium and is expressed in intra-tumoral as well as peri-tumoral vessels. It is upregulated in various cancers includ...

  RESEARCH | Published: 31 Dec 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 4

  Pages: 161-166   PDF(484KB)   Views：558Downloads：11

• COVID-19 and Testicular Tumors

  Tej Patel, Jai B. Patel ... Yujiang Fang

  COVID-19 and Testicular Tumors...

  EDITORIAL | Published: 11 Jul 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 3

  Pages: 87-88   PDF(286KB)   Views：529Downloads：9

• Mechanism and Role of Tumor Microenvironment in the Initiation and Progression of Bladder Cancer

  Na Cui,Yajun Shi ... Yanhua Wang

  Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a huge network, composed by tumor cells, tumor associated stromal cells, immune cells, cytokines and chemokines secreted by these cells, in which various cells communicate with each other. Bladder cancer is characterized of tendency of relapse, progression, metastasis because of the role of TME. With the application and develop...

  REVIEW | Published: 09 Sep 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 3

  Pages: 89-95   PDF(1650KB)   Views：828Downloads：7

• Research Progress of Abnormal DNA Methylation in the Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

  Zhen Ren, Ming Yu, Yi Xia

  Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancy in men around the world. In recent years, studies have shown that the development of PCa is driven by epigenetic modifications to a great extent, mediated through abnormal DNA methylation. Aberrant methylation of DNA promoters leads to abnormal expression of genes that regulate the development and progression of PCa. In addition, the curre...

  REVIEW | Published: 03 Oct 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 3

  Pages: 96-103   PDF(1160KB)   Views：798Downloads：10

• CD105 and CD34 as Markers of Angiogenesis of Urothelial Carcinoma: A Cross Sectional Study

  Sheenam Azad, Aditi Bisht ... Seema Acharya

  Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The present study was carried out to see the expression of CD105 and CD34 as marker of angiogenesis in UC and study their relationship with grades and muscle invasion. Methods 50 cases of histopathologically diagnosed UC were included. CD105 and CD34 IHC staining was performed. Mi...

  RESEARCH | Published: 10 Jul 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 3

  Pages: 104-110   PDF(2040KB)   Views：799Downloads：10

• Value of Immunological Biomarkers in Early Prediction of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Failure in High-Risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

  Mohamed G.A. El-Gazzar, Hassan Abol-Enein ... A.F. Abdel-Aziz

  To investigate the predictive value of different immunological markers on treatment outcomes after bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) induction in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Patients and Methods Patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors for NMIBC were assessed for study eligibility. Urine and blood samples were taken from patients at baseli...

  RESEARCH | Published: 04 Oct 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 3

  Pages: 111-120   PDF(2100KB)   Views：701Downloads：8

• Primary Extra Renal Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as A Metastatic Carcinoma: A Unique Case with Dual Malignancies

  Sivaranjani Selvaraj, Akkamahadevi Patil ... Usha Amirtham

  A 50-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, pain during defaecation, constipation, bleeding per rectum for 2 months. Colonoscopy showed an ulcero-proliferative growth, that is 2.5 cm from anal verge. Further PET-CT confirmed the growth in the lower rectum with mesorectal fat stranding and an irregular, lobulated, encapsulated solid-cystic mass in right perinephric fat, separated from the kid...

  CASE REPORT | Published: 16 Sep 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 3

  Pages: 121-126   PDF(2150KB)   Views：651Downloads：7

• Recent Progress on Urinary Exosomal miRNAs in Bladder Cancer

  Mohan Dong, Kaiyuan Zhou

  Bladder cancer (Bca) is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system. Cystoscopy biopsy is a gold standard for diagnosis of Bca in the clinic. However, cystoscopy biopsy is invasive, costly and invasive process causing pain in the patients. Because the Bca cells are closely in contact with urine, and the exosomes of the Bca can pass through the base membrane and transport the microRNA (miRN...

  REVIEW | Published: 18 May 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 2

  Pages: 39-46   PDF(734KB)   Views：918Downloads：8

• The Application of Exosomes in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma

  Xian Zhao, Jian Gong

  Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an epithelial tumor originating from the proximal renal tubule of the urinary system. RCC is one of the most common and deadly tumors representing clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) (about 75%) as major subtype characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. There are no obvious clinical symptoms in the early stage ccRCC, but are readily visible in the late s...

  REVIEW | Published: 17 May 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 2

  Pages: 47-53   PDF(524KB)   Views：774Downloads：9

• Research Progress on Circulating Tumor DNA in Renal Cell Carcinoma

  Xinyi Zhang, Mohan Dong, Kaiyuan Zhou

  Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common tumors in urinary system, and its incidence ranks 7th and 8th in male and female in the United States with a continuous upward trend in last 5 years. In China, RCC also shows a significant growth trend. Because the early symptoms are not obvious, many patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and often have a poor prognosis. Th...

  REVIEW | Published: 16 Jun 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 2

  Pages: 54-62   PDF(618KB)   Views：900Downloads：7

• Treatment Options for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Outcomes

  Benjamin Ptasienski, Jake Myers ... Yujiang Fang

  Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), cancer of the tubules of the kidneys, has historically been one of the most difficult cancers to treat due to its ability to remain hidden in the body for longer than other cancers and its tendency to resist traditional forms of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, both traditional and nontraditional treatments of RCC have seen both significant biomedical advanc...

  REVIEW | Published: 28 Jun 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 2

  Pages: 63-69   PDF(560KB)   Views：843Downloads：9

• Advances in Immunotherapy and Vaccine for Prostate Cancer

  Wei Zhou, Yikai Zhang

  Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system. The incidence of prostate cancer is high in the elderly male patients, which seriously threatens the life and health. In recent years, immunotherapy to activate anti-cancer host immune cells to kill tumors has become a new area of research for the treatment of prostate cancer. As an important component of immunothera...

  REVIEW | Published: 28 May 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 2

  Pages: 70-78   PDF(744KB)   Views：790Downloads：10

• Research Progress in Focal Treatment of Prostate Cancer

  Songtao Cheng, Shize Wang ... Jiannan Liu

  Prostate cancer is the second most common malignant tumor in men worldwide, and its incidence is increasing in China. Treatment methods of prostate cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and local therapy. Compared to all treatment options for prostate cancer, local treatment has the advantage of less trauma and fewer complications. With the wide application of PSA ...

  REVIEW | Published: 28 Jun 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 2

  Pages: 79-86   PDF(614KB)   Views：609Downloads：5

• COVID-19 and Prostate Cancer, Can Two Negatives Equal a Positive?

  Cade C. Lewis, Aidan J. Heslin ... Yujiang Fang

  This is a letter to the editor on the discussion on COVID-19 and prostate cancer....

  EDITORIAL | Published: 03 Jan 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 1

  Pages: 1-2   PDF(298KB)   Views：751Downloads：8

• The Roles of Ferroptosis-related Long Non-coding RNAs in Urologic Cancers

  Wenchao Xie, Jie Gu ... Yimin Xie

  Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that has been recent topic of interest in cancer therapy. Growing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in ferroptosis and associated with the incidence and progression of cancer. However, the relationship between lncRNA and ferroptosis in urologic cancers has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize ferropt...

  REVIEW | Published: 30 Jan 2023

  Annals of Urologic Oncology, Volume 6 (2023), Issue 1

  Pages: 3-9   PDF(757KB)   Views：947Downloads：6