Anti-plagiarism Policy

Declaration of Original Work Form

Annals of Urologic Oncology (AUO) requires the corresponding author to sign a Declaration of Original Work Form to state that their submitted work has not been previously published. This declaration ensures the authenticity and originality of the manuscript.

Guidelines of Anti-plagiarism

Authors must adhere to the following anti-plagiarism guidelines to ensure the originality of their manuscript.

If any elements of the work (e.g., text, figures, tables, or methodologies) has been previously published in another source, the author must acknowledge the original work and clearly state how the new manuscript builds upon or differs from the prior research.

Plagiarism includes (but is not limited to) copying ideas, statements, methodology, figures, tables, etc. without proper citation and acknowledgement. Forms of plagiarism are listed in Table 1:

Table 1. Frequent forms of plagiarism.

A. Self-plagiarism – Reusing one’s own previously published materials without proper citation and acknowledgement.

B. Team plagiarism – Using published materials from the same research group without proper citation and acknowledgement.

C. Directly copying others’ work without proper citation and acknowledgement.

D. Writing review articles that excessively reproduce the content from previously published article.

E. Republishing previously submitted conference papers/proceedings with no/little added value.

F. Republishing a manuscript in a different language (translated) without permission, proper citation and acknowledgement.

AUO uses Turnitin to detect artificial intelligence (AI)-generated writing and text similarity of each submitted article. To uphold originality, the journal enforces the policy of both Overall Similarity Index (OSI) and AI-scores to be less than 20%. Table 2 outlines AUO’s anti-plagiarism policy guidelines.

Table 2. AUO’s anti-plagiarism policy.
Circumstances	Guidelines and general rules
Acceptable with proper citation and acknowledgment	1. Quoting a modest amount (≤ 100 words) of the author’s own or others’ text.
	2. Paraphrasing previously published text in the author’s own words.
	3. Repetition of someone else’s ideas.
	4. Reproduction of a chart, image, table or key equation from an author’s own or another’s work (with copyright permission and acknowledgement).
	5. Use of a standard/personal method from a previously published source, provided the source is properly acknowledged.
	6. Republishing a previously published conference paper is acceptable, if 60% or more of the content is new and substantive (with copyright permission and acknowledgement).
	7. Republishing in another language is acceptable if it is accompanied by original peer-review recommendations and copyright permission.
Unacceptable under any circumstances	1. Republishing an entire published article.
	2. Extensive plagiarism of one's own/others’ work (OSI>20%).
	3. Review papers that directly copy substantial amounts of text from other sources (OSI>20%).